Teens and the Distinctive
Characteristics.
Adolescents
in a general sense mean the openness towards the opposite sex. This concept is
not much different from the Poerwadarminta (1984: 813) which states adolescents
are: (1) Starting today had reached the age of marriage, (2) Young (on boys and
girls); began to appear even though the concept of love lust this seems simple,
but at least in part from an understanding of adolescents describe.
Limitation
of adolescents according to Drajat (1989: 69) ie time taken by a selection of
which children become adults. In another sense of a situation that related
leading to adult level. This adolescence occurred approximately 13 years to 16
years or 17 years. Adolescence is between ages 16 to 18 years. It said the ripe
age are legally in this period adolescents are eager appreciated his presence
by the people around him.
Not so much
different opinions also raised by Suardi (1986: 98) which states teens are the
intermediaries from childhood to adulthood that are complex, take a lot of
attention from the teenagers themselves with others, and the period of
adjustment educated. In addition, these periods also is a period of conflict,
especially adolescent conflict with itself by another teenager and thus require
special handling that demands the ultimate responsibility.
Some
teenagers in the above definition can be concluded that the teenager is a
period or periods to the adult stage characterized by ages ranging from 13-18
years, became interested in the opposite sex, and have complex problems. In
order to complete the understanding teenagers can be seen in the
characteristics of adolescents in a variety of viewpoints as follows:
Adolescent Development and
Aspect-aspect
Physical Development
Physical
development has been started during the preteen and occurs rapidly in early
adolescence will be more perfect in mid-adolescence and late adolescence. Cole
(the monks, 2002:16) argues that physical development is the basis of other
aspects of development which involves the development of psychic and socialist.
This means that if the physical development runs smoothly, then the psychic and
social development will also be smooth. The physical development is hampered
difficult to get a reasonable place in public life today.
Adolescent Cognitive Development
Adolescent
cognitive development according to Piaget (in Elizabeth, 1999:117) explains
that during the stage of formal operations that occur aged 11-15 years. A child
develops reasoning and thinking skills to solve problems that it faces based on
direct experience. Child’s cognitive structures reach at this stage of
maturation. The potential quality of reasoning and thinking (reasoning and
thinking) is growing at a maximum. After the maximum development potential of
this happens, a child is no longer experiencing structural improvements in the
quality of reasoning on the next stage of development.
Teenagers
who have reached maximum development of formal operations has structural
completeness of the cognitive as well as adults where. However, this does not
mean that thinking (thinking), adolescents with formal reasoning (formal
reasoning) as well as actual thinking adults because only potentially have been
achieved.
Adolescent Emotional Development
Emotion is
one aspect of human psychology in a realm effectively. Psychological aspects of
this very important role in human life in general and in conjunction with
others in particular. The balance between these three psychological realms is
in need so that humans can function appropriately in accordance with the
stimulus in the face it.
Prawitasari
(in Pak Zailani, 1887:85) developed a tool revealer of basic human emotions
such as photographs of various facial expressions of basic human model are:
happy, sad, surprised, disgusted, angry, scared and embarrassed.
In
adolescence, the expression of emotions that sometimes seems not to develop a
real emotional condition, such as angry people speechless. Expression of
emotions is very individualized or subjective, depending on individual
conditions of each person.
Manifestation
of emotion that often appears in adolescents including heightened
emotionality or emotion that is improving the condition of different
emotions with the previous situation. Increased expression of this emotion can
be confused attitudes, emotions explosive, pugnacious, no appetite, do not have
any passion, or may otherwise escape to read a book. In addition to the
emotional conditions that increase, are also still found some that stand out on
adolescent emotions, including worry, anxiety, resentment, frustration
jealousy, envy, curiosity, and affection, or sense of compassion and feeling
happy. (Zaenuddin, 2004: 111).
Bullying among Teenagers
Nowadays,
bullying has spread widely among teenagers. It is proven by a report from the
National Association of School Psychologist in the United States which says
that everyday more than 160.000 teenagers are absent from school because they
fear being bullied by their friends (emogirl, 2012, para 8). This
phenomenon may happen due to several factors, there are poor parental, lack of
supervision, and teenagers' psychological state.
In
many cases, teenagers who do bullying to others are marred by poor parental.
The most kind of poor parental that give big contribution to bullying case are
parents who are cold to their children even use rage and violence to handle
problems. In effect, the children will think that such behavior is normal and
acceptable, because the children who are raised in this kind of situation may
not realize that their own verbal attack and physical harassment can be called
as bullying.
Another
factor that helps the number of bullying case increases is a lack of
supervision. Most victims of bullying feel that they have no place to share
about their problems and ask for help, and the tragedy is that in most cases it
really happens. Debra Pepler, director of the La Marsh for Research on Violence
and Conflict Resolution at Tronto's York University found that teachers detect
and stop only about 4 percent of bullying cases (emogirl, 2012, para 5).
It happens because many parents and teachers don't realize that the teenagers
may face bullying, therefore nobody can help them to stop it. And it is more
difficult for them to stop it by themselves since they are incapable of solving
the problems because it's all about power.
Teenagers'
psychological state also influence the phenomenon of bullying. At this state,
teenagers usually try to do something in order to be noticed by people. At
school, some teenagers do bullying to attract the attention, since they think
that it is cool and can make them popular. They also think that if they push
people around and make them do what they want, they will be noticed.
Those
are several factors that influence bullying cases among teenagers which have
become a big issue around the world. In order to stop it, it is impossible if
no one cares. So, all people have responsibility to be aware about people
around them to avoid the existence of bullying cases.
Dapus :
http://www.progressiveu.org/emogirl/blogs/105-causes-and-effects-bullying
(diunduh pada 7 Maret 2013)
http://www.onlinesyariah.com/2012/10/teens-and-distinctive-characteristics.html
(diunduh pada 7 Maret 2013)
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